Abstract
The paper presents a quarter car model equipped complex of suspension stroke limiters, the specific equations and results for several situations, obtained with Malab-Simulink and ADAMS software. Dimensioning and optimization of dissipative characteristics of the vehicle suspension is realized in the first stage by using simple ¼ car models. But even at this stage can not overlook the fact that suspension stroke has lower values than the free oscillation amplitude, especially in the natural frequency of the body and axles/semi-axles. In this case an approximation of the optimal suspension characteristics can only be done by limiting suspension travel at specific values specific to the vehicle class and road characteristics for which it is designed. Because the stroke limitation, must be softly, to not harm passenger safety and comfort and reliability of body and bridges, it is achieved by elastic stopper bumpers on both rebound and compression strokes. The proposed model is a ¼ car model with two degrees of freedom (wheel and body) that performs all these goals allows you to change:
- Position of equilibrium, depending on vehicle load;
- Elastic and dissipative characteristics of the suspension and tire;
- Suspension stroke;
- Buffer with elastic characteristics for stroke limitation;
- Road profile, assessed either by simple or summation of harmonic functions or reproducing real roads
The models developed provide information on:
- Vertical stability assessed by vertical movements of the body and the longitudinal and transversal stability evaluated based on adherence characterized by wheel ground contact force and frequency of soil detachment wheel.
- Comfort assessed on the basis of body vertical acceleration and collision forces to head stroke.
Keywords: shock absorber, stopper bumper, suspension, simulation, force