Abstract
Vehicles of these days are confronted such as each power supply consumer with the problem of ending of the classical fuel resources and the restriction created by the laws concerning pollution. Finding an alternative for the classical fuels that will satisfy the performance of the engines and the pollution norms is a major research area today and in the future. Biodiesel is an alternative fuel for diesel engines that is receiving great attention world wide. Although it attracts the most attention because it is renewable, it can be used either pure or in blends with diesel fuel in unmodified diesel engines, it can be produced easily from common feed-stocks and it reduces some exhaust pollutants. It is also attractive because it can be produced easily from common feed-stocks and food industry waste (oils and fats).
In this paper, based on experimental results is being made a study over the performance parameters and fuel consumption of the D2402.000 engine that uses this new kind of fuel based on sunflower oil (new - AFSC and waste - ASFU). The research took place on a stand equipped with a D2402.000 engine and hydraulic brake, stand belonging to Automotive and Agricultural Machinery Department, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca. The data provided by the measurements offered is presented in graph forms for several characteristics: engine output, torque output, fuel consumption and specific fuel consumption. The engine output characteristic has been determinate starting from a 1800 rpm engine speed than by reducing the speed of the engine with the hydraulic brake until the 1000 rpm. From the obtained data results that the values of the characteristic of the sunflower oil (new and used) is in a similar area with the characteristic of the classical diesel fuel.
Keywords: biofuels, sunflower oil, diesel engines, performance, fuel consumption