Abstract
Keywords: Recycling, Shredded Light Fraction, Plastic, Polymer, Energy Recovery
Today's most efficient car wreck recycling solution and the mostly used method for separation is the shredder technology that follows the pre-dismantling and liquid removal process. The revolving hammer crushers grind the car wrecks and after that comes the separation of the different materials based on their properties, such as density, magnetic and electric conductivity. The output materials arrive separately: shredded iron, ferrous and non-ferrous metals, and mixed non-metals. The last fraction includes: rubber, glass and plastics. The name of this fraction is shredded light fraction with high calorific value. The majority of the output materials - being about 80 % of the processed quantity - are considered as utilizable, and the rest non-metal 20 % means the problematical part. This waste material has high percentage of plastics that have high volume/mass ratio and very slow degrading time. That is why it is very important to find a solution for this problem that decreases efficiently the amount of materials taking to landfills. There are two kinds of technologies for residue utilization: material recovery (e.g. technology of Volkswagen SiCon, technology of MBA Polymers) and energy recovery (e.g. burning, pyrolysis). European Union directives expect to increase significantly the usage of material recovery instead of energy recovery. The most important aim is to change the present practice by lowering the volume of waste getting into the landfill.