Abstract
The whiplash is the representing technical word for the injury during low velocity rear crash accidents. There are, nowadays, lots of researches concerning the whiplashes since these types of injuries are normally severe in spite of minor accidents. In this study, the exclusive finite element human dummy model was developed to determine the severity degrees due to the whiplash. Also, severity degrees of passengers concerning conventional seat systems during low velocity crash using the developed human dummies and injury criteria which were derived from the existing whiplash mechanisms. Moreover, design methodologies for mitigating whiplash injuries were obtained by parametric studies of the various seat conditions and improving plan was introduced using the performance about conventional active headrests.