Abstract
Research and/or Engineering Questions/Objective
The cooperative driving is given when two or more vehicles interact with each other through the communication wireless and using interaction protocols, without the intervention of the driver. The platooning interoperability is a manner to perform a cooperative driving, which is put in practise in order to increase the traffic efficiency. The objective is to develop technologies that speed-up the real-life implementation of automated driving, which is supported by communication between the vehicles and between vehicles and road-side equipment, but taking into account that these automated systems must be safe at any situation of risk given during the driving.
Methodology
For the design and setup of the automated systems uses a parallel approach. Firstly, a functional architecture has been developed. The components of the system (like the communication and the overall supervisory control system) has been developed on simulation level first and then tested in practice using benchmark vehicles. Secondly, to focus on interoperability and thus speed-up real-life implementation, a series of verification and validation workshops have been held, having its climax in the final challenge on cooperative automated driving, together with leading research and technological developments, and supported by OEMs and suppliers. For the practice, two principal scenarios have been defined which required to be performed by the participant vehicles and road-side equipment in order to demonstrate that are able to communicate and cooperate with each other (interoperability). These scenarios are performed from one hand in the highway, and from the other side in the intersection zone.
Results
As a main results obtained we have the definition and developing of new interaction protocols, created especially for development of this specific type of scenarios performed for the automated driving (platooning in a highway and in an intersection); and the definition and tests of the hazard situations in order to increment the safety and efficiency in the driving on the roads. Limitations of this study An important limitation of the current study is the number of vehicles which has performed the manoeuvres and according with the vehicle requirements, they can be different level of the automation: Lev2 (longitudinal and lateral automated), Lev1 (longitudinal automated, but lateral manual). Another limitation are the new protocols which try to accomplish with the rules fixed in CAM and DENM protocols, used too for the development of the manoeuvres of the scenarios, in order to be standardized in a proximate future, this new interaction protocols work to 25 Hz instead of 10 Hz for safety reasons.
What does the paper offer that is new in the field including in comparison to other work by the authors?
The creation of interaction protocols which could be standardized in the field of interaction protocols for cooperative driving.
Conclusions
In order to speed-up the real-life time implementation of safe automated driving and able to cope with different circumstances new protocols which cover more efficiency and more safety during the driving has been defined.
Key Words: Cooperative Driving; Interaction Protocol; Platooning Interoperability; Challenge Traffic Efficiency